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Key terms: adalbert of hamburg agnes anno antipope archbishop of mainz augsburg bavaria bertha canossa carinthia clement iii cologne deposed deprived duke of swabia egbert excommunication goslar gregory gregory vii heinrich iv henrik iv henry henry iii henry iv henry v herman ii holy roman emperor investiture controversy iv kiev lombard mainz margrave matilda matilda of canossa nobles normans papal rudolf rus sacro saxony saxony and thuringia siegfried speyer cathedral swabia synod tuscany welf Search external links cited by footnotes on Wikipedia page Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor: |
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